In English we make a difference between finished and unfinished time. When thinking of the past we must think about the time in which the action happened.
When we talk about a past action in a past time, we use the past simple. When we talk about a past action in an unfinished time we use the presesnt perfect have / has + past participle.
The uses of the present perfect are
1. To talk about a past action in an unfinished time - I have drunk two coffees today
2. To speak about an experience at an unspecified time of the past - I have been to America
3. To speak about something that started in the past and continues now -I have lived in Italy for 8 years
4. To bring something from the past closer to the present because it is news, or because there is a consequence now.
You have cut your hair!
This is a good book for grammar, Units 7 + 8 and 13 + 14. - http://vk.com/doc8069473_202956457?hash=5ce925651868f7ad3c&dl=aa922cf229371819a9
Irregular verb forms can be hard to remember. You can try putting them in groups of verbs that change in the same way.
Try these worksheets
or watch these videos
Then complete the questions on Page 3 on this document.
There is also the present perfect continuous that we use to highlight the action that continues now and in the future instead of the result.
Read the explanation here and try the exercises here
and on Page 1 of this document
For more practice try the exercises on englishpage.com
This tense is common in job interviews when talking about your current and past work situation.
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