THURSDAY 12 NOVEMBER
Look at these signs. What do
they mean? How can you explain these signs to foreigners?
No Smoking
Do not smoke
You are not allowed to smoke
here
You must not smoke here
Warning / Danger of death
Don't touch / enter
Keep away
Don't speed
Drive slowly
You must reduce your speed
You should drive slower
Wash your hands
You can wash your hands here
You should wash your hands
Here we see that we can give
commands / orders in three ways
1. Using the imperative
For a positive command use the
verb in the base form without subject
Walk! Come! Enter!
For a negative imperative, add
Do not or Don't
Don't smoke!
Do not enter!
2. Using modal verbs
must - FOR ME, IT IS NECESSARY
- I must call my mother
have to - THE LAW OR THE RULES
SAY IT IS NECESSARY - You have to have a passport to go to the USA
In the negative form these
verbs have a different meaning
must not - IT IS FORBIDDEN-
You must not smoke in public places
don't have to - IT IS NOT
NECESSARY - I don't have to work on Sundays
Try to use these verbs to
complete these phrases about life in Italy
Should means it is a good idea and is used to give and ask for advice.
Practice using this worksheet
3. Using alternative phrases
such as - It is allowed / forbidden etc
See here for more information
Englishpage.com has a great modal verb tutorial.
You can practice these with the reading exercise on Page 64 of PET Result
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